Last updated: December 1, 2024

OVERVIEW
Welcome to Liv Label Free ("we," "us," "our"), a company dedicated to supporting neurodivergent eating disorder recovery. These Terms and Conditions ("Terms") govern your access to and use of our websites, including livlabelfree.com and livlabelfreebooks.com (collectively, the "Websites"), and all affiliated content, features, applications, and services (collectively, the "Services").

These Terms constitute a legally binding agreement between you and Liv Label Free. We reserve the right to modify these Terms at any time at our sole discretion. Any changes to these Terms will be effective immediately upon posting on the Websites. Your continued use of the Websites and Services following the posting of revised Terms means that you accept and agree to the changes.

By accessing or using the Websites and/or Services, you acknowledge that you have read, understood, and agree to be legally bound by these Terms. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THESE TERMS, YOU MUST NOT ACCESS OR USE THE WEBSITES OR SERVICES.

Eligibility: To access or use the Services, you must be at least 18 years of age and have the requisite power and authority to enter into these Terms. Minors under the age of 18 are strictly prohibited from using the Websites and Services, unless consent is given by their legal guardian. By using the Services, you represent and warrant that you meet all eligibility requirements.

OUR SERVICES
Nature of Services: The Services are provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Nothing contained in the Services constitutes or is intended to constitute medical, professional, legal, or financial advice. The Services are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease, medical condition, or mental health issue.

Medical Disclaimer: The Services are not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read or learned through our Services.

Content Creator Disclosure: The Services are created and maintained by Livia Sara, who is not a licensed medical professional, therapist, or counselor. While we strive to provide helpful and accurate information based on personal experience and research, we do not claim any professional certifications or qualifications in medical, psychological, or therapeutic fields.

No Guarantees: Results from using our Services may vary between individuals. We make no representations, warranties, or guarantees, whether expressed or implied, that any user will achieve specific results, benefits, or outcomes through the use of our Services.

Personal Responsibility: Your use of the Services is entirely at your own risk. You acknowledge and agree that you are solely responsible for evaluating and bearing all risks associated with the use of our Services, including any reliance on the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any content.

Emergency Services: If you are experiencing a medical emergency or are having thoughts of self-harm or suicide, immediately call your local emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room. The Services are not equipped to handle emergency situations.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Ownership: The Websites, Services, and all content, features, and functionality thereof, including but not limited to all information, software, text, displays, images, video, audio, design, presentation, selection, and arrangement ("Content"), are owned by Liv Label Free, its licensors, or other providers of such material and are protected by United States and international copyright, trademark, patent, trade secret, and other intellectual property or proprietary rights laws.

Limited License: Subject to these Terms, we grant you a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable license to access and use the Websites and Services for your personal, non-commercial use only. You may not:
- Modify, copy, distribute, transmit, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, create derivative works from, transfer, or sell any Content
- Use any illustrations, photographs, video or audio sequences, or any graphics separately from the accompanying text
- Delete or alter any copyright, trademark, or other proprietary rights notices
- Access or use the Services for any commercial purposes
- Attempt to decompile or reverse engineer any software contained on the Websites

Trademarks: The Liv Label Free name, logo, and all related names, logos, product and service names, designs, and slogans are trademarks of Liv Label Free or its affiliates. You may not use such marks without our prior written permission. All other names, logos, product and service names, designs, and slogans on the Websites are the trademarks of their respective owners.

User Submissions and Rights:
- You shall not upload, post, or otherwise make available on the Site any materials protected by copyright, trademark, or another proprietary right without the express written permission of the owner
- By submitting materials to the Site, you grant us a worldwide, nonexclusive, irrevocable license to use the materials for promotional, business development, and marketing purposes
- You represent and warrant that you own or have the necessary licenses, rights, consents, and permissions to grant this license to us

Copyright Infringement: If you believe that any Content on the Websites infringes upon your copyright, please contact us with a detailed description of the alleged infringement. We will respond to notices of alleged copyright infringement that comply with applicable law.

Feedback: Any feedback, comments, suggestions, ideas, or other information that you provide about the Websites or Services ("Feedback") shall become our exclusive property. We shall be entitled to the unrestricted use and dissemination of such Feedback for any purpose, without acknowledgment or compensation to you.

USER GENERATED CONTRIBUTIONS
Content License: By posting, submitting, or sharing any content through our Services ("Contributions"), you grant us an unrestricted, unlimited, irrevocable, perpetual, non-exclusive, transferable, royalty-free, fully-paid, worldwide right and license to:
- Host, use, copy, reproduce, disclose, sell, resell, publish, and broadcast your Contributions
- Publicly perform and display your Contributions
- Format, translate, transmit, and excerpt (in whole or in part) your Contributions
- Incorporate your Contributions into other works
- Use your Contributions for any purpose, including but not limited to commercial, advertising, or marketing purposes
- Grant and authorize sublicenses of the foregoing

This license applies to any form of media format and media channels, both currently known and later developed.

Group Coaching Sessions: By participating in our group coaching sessions, you acknowledge and consent to the following:
- All calls will be recorded for educational and training purposes
- Recordings will be accessible to other participants within the group coaching program
- Your participation implies understanding that recordings may contain personal information or insights shared during the sessions
- Confidentiality measures will be maintained to protect sensitive information
- Recordings will only be used for the intended purposes outlined in our privacy policy unless clearly stated otherwise

Public Nature of Contributions: You acknowledge and agree that:
- Any Contributions you make will be visible to other community members
- Your Contributions may be used for marketing purposes
- Your Contributions may be viewable through third-party websites
- You are responsible for all Contributions you submit

User Warranties: When creating or submitting Contributions, you represent and warrant that:
- You own or control all rights in and to your Contributions
- You have the right to grant the license described above
- All of your Contributions are accurate and will not violate these Terms
- Your Contributions do not violate any third-party intellectual property rights

Content Moderation: We reserve the right to:
- Remove or refuse to post any Contributions for any reason at our sole discretion
- Take any action with respect to any Contribution that we deem necessary or appropriate
- Disclose your identity to any third party who claims that material posted by you violates their rights

Privacy Concerns: If you have any concerns regarding the recording, use of sessions, or handling of your Contributions, please contact us for clarification at livia[at]livlabelfree[dot]com.

USER REPRESENTATIONS AND REGISTRATION
Account Creation: To access certain features of the Services, you may be required to register for an account. When creating an account, you agree to:
- Provide accurate, current, and complete information
- Maintain and promptly update your account information
- Keep your account information secure and confidential
- Accept all risks of unauthorized access to your account

Account Accuracy: You represent and warrant that:
- All information you submit during registration is truthful and accurate
- You will maintain the accuracy of such information
- You have the legal capacity to comply with these Terms
- You are not a minor in the jurisdiction in which you reside
- You will not create an account using a false identity or providing false information
- You will not create more than one account

Prohibited Account Activities: Your account must not be used to:
- Engage in any illegal or unauthorized activities
- Impersonate another person or entity
- Misrepresent your affiliation with any person or entity
- Engage in any activity that violates these Terms
- Conduct any fraudulent or deceptive practices
- Attempt to gain unauthorized access to other user accounts or any part of the Services

Account Security: You are responsible for:
- Maintaining the confidentiality of your account credentials
- All activities that occur under your account
- Immediately notifying us of any unauthorized use of your account
- Ensuring that you exit from your account at the end of each session
- Using secure passwords and regularly updating them

Account Termination: We reserve the right to:
- Suspend or terminate your account at any time for any violation of these Terms
- Disable any user identification code or password if we reasonably believe you have failed to comply with these Terms
- Delete or remove your account content if your account is terminated

Security Breach Notification: You must immediately notify us of any:
- Unauthorized use of your account
- Breach of security or unauthorized access
- Need to deactivate your login credentials
- Other security concerns related to your account

By creating an account, you acknowledge that we may rely on the information you provide as true, accurate, current, and complete. Failure to provide or maintain accurate account information may result in immediate termination of your account.

USER CONDUCT AND COMMUNITY GUIDELINES
General Conduct: All users of our Services must conduct themselves in a respectful, supportive, and ethical manner. You agree to:
- Treat all community members with respect and dignity
- Maintain the confidentiality of other participants' experiences and information
- Engage in constructive and supportive dialogue
- Follow all guidelines provided by group facilitators
- Support the recovery-focused nature of our community

Prohibited Conduct: The following behaviors are strictly prohibited:
- Harassment, bullying, or intimidation of any kind
- Hate speech or discriminatory comments
- Sharing of triggering content without appropriate warnings
- Promotion of disordered eating behaviors or harmful practices
- Sharing or requesting specific numbers related to weight, calories, or measurements
- Unsolicited advice about diet, exercise, or medical treatments
- Marketing or promotion of unauthorized products or services
- Any form of sexual harassment or inappropriate sexual content
- Spam, unauthorized advertising, or self-promotion
- Sharing of misinformation or unverified medical claims

Group Coaching Guidelines: When participating in group coaching sessions, you must:
- Arrive on time and remain present throughout the session
- Respect the privacy of other participants
- Not record, screenshot, or share any part of the sessions
- Follow the facilitator's instructions and group protocols
- Allow others equal opportunity to participate
- Maintain appropriate boundaries with other participants
- Not attempt to form or promote private relationships with other participants
- Not provide medical or professional advice to other participants

Confidentiality Requirements:
- Information shared during group sessions must remain confidential
- Personal stories and experiences shared by others may not be repeated outside the group
- Screenshots or recordings of sessions are strictly prohibited
- Names and identifying information of other participants must not be shared

Consequences of Violations:
- Violations of these guidelines may result in immediate termination of access to Services
- No refunds will be provided if access is terminated due to violation of these Terms
- Serious violations may result in permanent ban from all Services
- We reserve the right to report illegal activities to appropriate authorities
- Terminated users may not create new accounts or attempt to access Services

Professional Boundaries:
- Participants must maintain appropriate professional boundaries
- Private communication between participants outside of supervised group settings is discouraged
- Romantic or business relationships between participants are prohibited
- Solicitation of other participants for any purpose is not permitted

Reporting Violations: If you witness any violations of these guidelines:
- Report the incident immediately to the group facilitator or through our reporting system
- Document specific instances of misconduct
- Do not engage directly with the violating participant
- Maintain confidentiality while the situation is being addressed

We reserve the right to modify these guidelines at any time and to interpret and enforce them at our sole discretion. Your continued use of the Services indicates your agreement to abide by these guidelines as they may be updated from time to time.

PAYMENTS
Payment Terms: By making a purchase through our Services, you agree to:
- Provide current, complete, and accurate purchase and account information
- Promptly update your account and payment information, including email address, payment method, and payment card expiration date
- Pay all charges at the prices in effect when incurring the charges
- Pay any applicable taxes and fees
- Make payments in a timely manner to maintain access to Services

Payment Authorization: You authorize us to charge your chosen payment method for all purchases made through the Services. If your payment method fails or your account is past due, we reserve the right to:
- Suspend or terminate your access to the Services
- Use collection services to recover payments
- Charge late fees or interest as permitted by law

Order Refusal: We reserve the right to:
- Refuse any order placed through the Services
- Limit or cancel quantities purchased per person, household, or order
- Restrict orders from certain geographic regions
- Modify or discontinue products or services without notice

No Refunds: All sales are final.

PRODUCTS
Product Availability:
- All products are subject to availability
- We reserve the right to discontinue any products at any time
- We do not guarantee that items will be in stock
- We may limit or prohibit orders that appear to be placed by dealers, resellers, or distributors

Product Display:
- We make every effort to display products accurately on our Services
- We do not guarantee that colors, features, specifications, and details will be accurate, complete, reliable, or current
- Your electronic display may not accurately reflect actual product colors and details
- Product descriptions and specifications may change without notice

Pricing:
- All prices are subject to change without notice
- Prices displayed at the time of order submission will apply
- In the event of a pricing error, we reserve the right to cancel the order
- Special pricing or promotional offers may be revoked at any time

SUBSCRIPTIONS
Subscription Terms:
- Subscriptions will automatically renew unless cancelled before the renewal date
- You authorize recurring charges to your payment method without additional notice
- Subscription fees may change with notice as required by applicable law
- You are responsible for reviewing the current subscription terms before each renewal

Cancellation:
- You may cancel your subscription at any time through your account settings
- Cancellation will take effect at the end of your current billing period
- No partial refunds will be issued for unused subscription periods

Program Changes:
- We reserve the right to modify, suspend, or discontinue any subscription service
- Any reference to "lifetime" or "lifelong" access refers to the lifetime of the program itself, not to the lifespan of Livia or her business
- We may change program features, content, or accessibility at any time
- We will provide reasonable notice of significant changes to subscription services

Access and Updates:
- Subscription benefits are subject to change
- Access to subscription content may require continuous, active subscription status
- We reserve the right to modify subscription tiers and associated benefits
- Technical requirements for accessing subscription content may change over time

SITE ACCESSIBILITY AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
Access Requirements: To access and use our Services effectively, you need:
- A device with internet access
- An up-to-date web browser
- Sufficient bandwidth for streaming video content
- PDF reading capability for downloadable materials
- Audio playback capability for recordings
- Video playback capability for course content

Device Compatibility: While we strive to make our Services accessible across various devices, we recommend:
- Using current versions of major web browsers (Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Edge)
- Maintaining current operating system updates
- Having sufficient device storage for downloaded materials
- Using a screen size appropriate for viewing educational content

Technical Issues:
- We are not responsible for technical issues arising from your equipment or internet connection
- You are responsible for maintaining appropriate software to access materials
- Technical support is limited to Service-related issues, not personal device problems
- We do not guarantee compatibility with all devices or operating systems

INTERNATIONAL USERS AND GEOGRAPHIC CONSIDERATIONS
Language and Communication:
- Services are provided in English and Dutch only
- All official communications will be in either English or Dutch
- Users must select their preferred language upon registration
- We are not responsible for translation accuracy of user-generated content

Time Zones and Scheduling:
- All session times are communicated in multiple time zones
- Users are responsible for converting scheduled times to their local time zone
- The service provider's time zone may vary based on physical location
- Schedule changes due to daylight savings will be communicated in advance

International Payments:
- Prices may be displayed in different currencies
- Exchange rates are determined by our payment processors
- Additional fees for international transactions may apply
- Users are responsible for any currency conversion fees

Geographic Accessibility:
- Services are available internationally unless restricted by local laws
- Users are responsible for ensuring our Services comply with their local regulations
- We reserve the right to restrict access from certain regions
- Some features may not be available in all locations

FORCE MAJEURE
Force Majeure Events: We shall not be liable for any failure or delay in performing our obligations where such failure or delay results from any cause that is beyond our reasonable control. These causes include, but are not limited to:
- Natural disasters or extreme weather events
- Pandemics, epidemics, or public health emergencies
- Government actions or regulations
- Internet or power outages
- Cyber attacks
- Technical failures beyond our control
- Civil unrest or acts of terrorism

During Force Majeure Events:
- Live sessions may be rescheduled
- Digital content access may be temporarily affected
- Alternative delivery methods may be provided when possible
- Subscription periods may be extended to compensate for service interruptions

Communication During Events:
- We will notify users of service interruptions as soon as practical
- Updates will be provided regarding service restoration
- Alternative arrangements will be communicated when available

Refunds and Credits:
- Force majeure events do not automatically entitle users to refunds
- Service credits or extensions may be offered at our discretion
- Subscription billing may be paused during extended service interruptions

PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES
Prohibited Activities: You agree not to engage in any of the following activities:

System Interference:
- Using or launching any automated system that accesses the Services
- Taking any action that imposes an unreasonable load on our infrastructure
- Introducing viruses, trojans, worms, or other malicious code
- Attempting to gain unauthorized access to our systems
- Interfering with the proper functioning of the Services

Content Violations:
- Copying, distributing, or disclosing any part of the Services in any medium
- Attempting to decompile or reverse engineer any software contained in the Services
- Using the Services for any revenue-generating endeavor or commercial enterprise
- Harassing, abusing, or harming another person through the Services
- Making unauthorized copies of copyrighted content

Fraudulent Behavior:
- Impersonating another person or misrepresenting your affiliation
- Providing false or misleading information
- Engaging in fraudulent or deceptive practices
- Creating multiple accounts for malicious purposes
- Using stolen payment methods or financial instruments

GUIDELINES FOR REVIEWS
Review Content:
- Reviews must be based on firsthand experience
- Content must be accurate, truthful, and not misleading
- Reviews should not contain offensive, abusive, or inappropriate content
- Personal identifying information must not be included
- Links or promotional content are not permitted in reviews

Review Moderation:
- We reserve the right to remove reviews that violate these guidelines
- Reviews may be edited for clarity or length
- We may contact you for verification of review authenticity
- Attempts to manipulate our review system are prohibited
- Multiple reviews of the same product or service may be consolidated

SERVICES MANAGEMENT
Platform Monitoring: We reserve the right, but not the obligation, to:
1. Monitor the Services for violations of these Terms
2. Take appropriate legal action against violators
3. Report suspicious activity to law enforcement
4. Remove content that violates these Terms
5. Manage the Services to protect our rights and property

Content Management:
- We may remove content that is excessive in size or burdensome to our systems
- We may limit or disable access to any Contributions at our discretion
- Technical modifications may be made to accommodate system requirements
- We may suspend or terminate services for maintenance or updates

Copyright Infringement:
- We respond to notices of alleged copyright infringement
- Repeated violations may result in account termination
- Users must provide accurate information when filing copyright complaints
- False claims of infringement may lead to account suspension

Enforcement Actions:
- Violations may result in immediate service termination
- We may restrict, suspend, or terminate access without prior notice
- No refunds will be provided for service interruption due to violations
- We may preserve user data for legal proceedings
- Terminated users may not create new accounts

These policies may be updated periodically, and your continued use of the Services constitutes acceptance of any changes. We reserve the right to enforce these policies at our sole discretion and to take any action we deem appropriate to maintain the integrity of our Services.

THIRD-PARTY LINKS AND CONTENT
Third-Party Links: The Services may contain links to third-party websites, content, or services that are not owned or controlled by Liv Label Free. We:
- Have no control over and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies, or practices of third-party sites or services
- Do not endorse or verify the accuracy of information on third-party websites
- Are not liable for any damage or loss caused by your use of third-party services
- Cannot guarantee the security or privacy of information you provide to third parties

Third-Party Products and Services:
- References to third-party products, services, or organizations do not constitute endorsement
- We make no warranties regarding third-party offerings
- Your interaction with third-party providers is at your own risk
- Third-party terms and policies are separate from our Terms

PRIVACY POLICY AND DATA PROTECTION
Data Collection: We collect personal information that you voluntarily provide when:
- Creating an account
- Signing up for services
- Participating in coaching sessions
- Making purchases
- Communicating with us
- Using our Services

Use of Information: We use your personal information to:
- Provide and improve our Services
- Process payments
- Communicate with you about our Services
- Customize your experience
- Send promotional materials (with your consent)
- Comply with legal obligations

Data Protection:
- We implement reasonable security measures to protect your information
- We retain your information only for as long as necessary
- We do not sell your personal information to third parties
- We may share information with service providers who assist in operating our Services
- We comply with applicable data protection laws

Coaching Session Privacy:
- Information shared during coaching sessions is treated as confidential
- Session recordings are stored securely and accessed only by authorized personnel
- Personal experiences shared during sessions are not used for marketing without explicit consent
- We maintain appropriate administrative and technical safeguards

Your Privacy Rights:
- You may request access to your personal information
- You may request correction of inaccurate information
- You may request deletion of your information where appropriate
- You may opt-out of marketing communications
- You may withdraw consent for optional data processing

Cookie Policy:
- We use cookies and similar technologies to improve user experience
- You can control cookie settings through your browser
- Essential cookies cannot be disabled as they are necessary for site functionality
- We provide notice of cookie usage when required by law

Data Sharing:
We may share your information with:
- Service providers who assist in operating our website
- Payment processors for transaction processing
- Professional advisers as necessary
- Law enforcement when required by law
- Successor entities in the event of a business transaction

Contact for Privacy Concerns:
If you have questions about our privacy practices or wish to exercise your privacy rights, please contact us at livia[at]livlabelfree[dot]com.

We reserve the right to update this privacy policy at any time. Significant changes will be communicated through the Services or via email.

DISCLAIMERS, LIABILITY, AND INDEMNIFICATION
Disclaimer of Warranties
THE SERVICES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Liv Label Free disclaims all warranties, including but not limited to:
- Accuracy, completeness, or reliability of any Content
- Availability or uninterrupted access to the Services
- Security or error-free operation of the Services
- Fitness for a particular purpose
- Results obtained from use of the Services

Content Disclaimers:
- Information provided on the Site and in the Services, including nutrition and body image information, is subject to change
- We make no representation or warranty that the Content is accurate, complete, reliable, current, or error-free
- We disclaim all liability for any inaccuracy, error, or incompleteness in the Content
- Medical information is for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice

Limitation of Liability
Release of Liability: The user releases Liv Label Free, its owner, employees, agents, and representatives from any and all liability, damages, causes of action, allegations, suits, sums of money, claims, and demands whatsoever, in law or equity, which the user ever had, now has, or will have in the future against Liv Label Free, arising from:
- The user's access to or use of the Websites and Services
- Any content, advice, or information obtained through the Websites and Services
- Participation in any programs, courses, or services offered
- Interaction with other users or community members
- Any outcomes or results from using the Websites and Services

Additional Limitations:
TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL LIV LABEL FREE BE LIABLE FOR:
- Any indirect, punitive, incidental, special, consequential, or exemplary damages
- Lost profits, lost data, or lost business opportunities
- Damages relating to personal injury or emotional distress
- Any damages arising from:
* Use or inability to use the Services
* Any content posted on or through the Services
* Unauthorized access to or use of our servers
* Service interruptions
* Computer viruses or data loss
* User submissions or conduct

Indemnification
You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Liv Label Free, including our subsidiaries, affiliates, and all of our respective officers, agents, partners, and employees, from and against any loss, damage, liability, claim, or demand, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, made by any third party due to or arising out of:
1. Your Contributions
2. Use of the Services
3. Breach of these Legal Terms
4. Any breach of your representations and warranties
5. Your violation of the rights of a third party
6. Any overt harmful act toward any other user of the Services with whom you connected via the Services

Defense Rights: Notwithstanding the foregoing, we reserve the right, at your expense, to assume the exclusive defense and control of any matter for which you are required to indemnify us, and you agree to cooperate, at your expense, with our defense of such claims. We will use reasonable efforts to notify you of any such claim, action, or proceeding which is subject to this indemnification upon becoming aware of it.

Continuing Obligations: The disclaimers, limitations, waivers, and indemnifications in these Terms remain in effect even after you stop using the Services or your account is terminated. This means you continue to be bound by these legal protections even after your relationship with Liv Label Free ends.

DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Governing Law: These Terms shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without regard to its conflict of law provisions.

Informal Resolution: Before initiating any formal dispute resolution process, you agree to:
- Contact us directly about your concern
- Attempt to resolve the dispute informally
- Allow us 30 days to address your concern

Arbitration Agreement:
- Any dispute not resolved informally shall be resolved through binding arbitration
- Arbitration will be conducted online when possible
- Each party will bear their own costs of arbitration
- The arbitration decision shall be final and binding

Class Action Waiver:
- You waive any right to participate in a class action lawsuit
- All disputes must be resolved on an individual basis
- No claims may be brought as a plaintiff or class member

Exception to Arbitration:
- Either party may seek injunctive relief in court for intellectual property violations
- Small claims court cases are exempt from mandatory arbitration
- Arbitration requirements may not apply where prohibited by law

Jurisdiction:
- Any legal action or proceeding shall be brought in the courts of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
- You consent to the personal jurisdiction of such courts
- Choice of jurisdiction does not prevent us from seeking injunctive relief elsewhere

Time Limitation:
- Any cause of action must be commenced within one year after it arises
- Causes of action arising after the one-year period are permanently barred